177.. Rani Regnant Daya Kaurof Kalsia in Ambala (India)

Succeeded her husband, Gurbakhsh Singh, as ruler of Kalsia in Ambala, after his death. In the words of Lepel Griffin, "She was an excellent ruler and her estate was one of the best managed in the protected territory.'' She was one of the Sikh female rulers, who became well known for their administrative acumen, grasp of political situations, and dexterity in handling arms and organizing defence.

1770-95 Queen Kamakahelei of Kauai in Hawai'i (USA)

22nd Alii Aimoku of Kauai in the Northwestern part of the Island group of Hawai'i. She succeeded king Peleiokolai and was succeeded to king Kaumualii, who reigned until 1810 when the island was incorporated in the united Hawaiian Kingdom.  Her daughter Kawalu, married her half-brother, George Kaumu-alii, King of Kauai (1794-1810).

1770-93 Denkyirahene Amoako Atta Yiadom of Denkyira (Ghana)

Reigned after Amoako Atta Kuma (1725-70). The state was founded in 1500 under the name of Agona, but was renamed in 1620. In 1701 it was defeated by the Asante and became a tributary kingdom. 

1770/80-1807 Regent Dowager Princess Gusti Ayu Oka Kaba-Kaba of Mengwi (Indonesia)

After the death of her husband, Gusti Agung Made Munggu, she ruled in the name of her son Gusti Agung Putu Agung and from 1793/4 for grandson.

1770-74 Tenant Caroline Carey of Herm (A Dependency of the English Crown)

Took over the tenantcy of the tiny Channel Island after the death of Peter Carey (1766-70). Peter John and Thomas de Jersey were joint Tenants (1774-79).

1770-93 Politically Influential Franziska von Hohenheim in Württemberg (Germany)

Her husband, Freiherr Friedrich Wilhelm von Leutrum, was employed at the court of Duke Karl Eugen of Würrtemberg 1728-37-93). She became his Maitresse in 1770 and divorced her husband two years later. From then on they lived at the castle of Hohenheim. 1774 she was created Reichsgräfin von Hohenheim Karl Eugen's wife, Elisabeth Friederike Sophie von Brandenburg-Bayreuth died in 1780 and they married secretly three years later, but the Catholic Church did not accept that he married a protestant until 1785. The following year she received the rank of a Duchess. She had a moderating influence on her husband, who developed in a less absolutist and ruthless direction than in his first years. She also engaged in charitable work. After her husband's death she moved to Sindlingen. Daughter of Freiherr Ludwig Wilhelm von Bernerdin in Sindlingen and Johanna von Vohenstein zu Adelmannsfelden, did not have any children and lived (1748-1811).

Until 1770 Treasurer Karoline Raphael Kaulla in Fürstenberg in Donaueschingen (Germany)
1770-1809 Treasurer in Württemberg (Germany)

Her Hebrew name was Chaile, but she was mainly known as Madame Kaulla or "Kiefe" Auerbacher, and she was one of the greatest Court Jews of her time, and was reputed to have been the richest woman in Germany. Her father, Isaak Raphael, was a Court Jew for the house of Hohenzollern. Besides her role as Treasurer (Hoffaktorin) she was Leader of the Trading House Kaulla in Stuttgart, and during the French war her business thrived and she was able to get supplies for the war for Württemberg. She later was a co-founder of the Royal Württemberg Court Bank, which, after many fusions, resulted in the Deutsche Bank in the 1920s.as a jew she was not allowed to live in Württemberg, but she was given a special right of residence, and she received great honours, amongst them the Civil-Verdienst-Medaille with golden chain presented to her by Emperor Franz I. She is reputed to have been a beautiful, impressive woman, praised for the welfare, her care for the poor and her works for the Jewish community in Hechingen. Her wealth and influence was similar to that of the Family of Rothschild. She was married to Salomon Auerbacher, and lived (1739-1809).

1771-? Regent Princess Mai Desan of the Sikhs In Punjab (India)

Widow of Charhat Singh Sukarchakia and a great administrator, an experienced and a wise diplomat who conducted the civil and military affairs dexterously.

1771-81 Princess-Abbess Maria Josepha Agatha von Ulm-Langenrhein of Lindau (Germany)

Her family had many Prince-Bishops and other ecclesiastical office holders trough the times.

The Abbess of Las Huelgas held her own courts, granted letters dismissorial for ordination, and issued licenses authorizing priests, within the limits of her abbatial jurisdiction, to hear confessions, to preach, and to engage in the cure of souls.

1771-ca. 85 Spy Chief Marguerite Wolters in Rotterdam, the Netherlands

Following her husband, Richard Wolters’s death, she carried on the British spy network in Rotterdam, at least until 1785.

1772-84 De-facto In Charge of the Government Dowager Queen Juliane-Marie zu Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel of Denmark and Norway

Initiated a coup d’etat against the "premier" count Struensee who had an affair with the Queen, Caroline-Mathilde of England, and total influence on the insane King Christian 7. Her son, Hereditary Prince Ferdinand and Premier Høegh-Guldberg became official leaders of the Government with her as the power behind the scenes in the triumvriate. In 1784 they were removed by her stepson, Crown Prince Frederik (6). Her sister Therese Natalie, was Princess-Abbess of Gandersheim 1766-77 and her sister-in-law was Grand-Duchess Anna Pavlovna, regent of Russia 1740-41 for her oldest son, Zar Ivan, and after she was executed, her younger children lived in Denmark. Juliane-Marie lived (1729-96).

1773-83 Regent Princess Dowager Marie Luise Eleonore von Hessen-Rheinfels of Salm-Salm 
1794-.. Possibly Regent of Salm-Kyburg (Germany)

Until 1777 she reigned alone, then she became regent for Konstantin Alexander Joseph, Fürst und Reingraf von Salm zu Salm, Wildgraf von Daun und Kyburg, Rheingraf von Stein et cetera  (1773-78-1828). In 1794 her late husband's relative, Friedrich III von Salm-Kyburg died, and she possibly became one of the regents for his son, Friedrich IV (1789-94-1801-59) whose mother had already died. Marie Luise Eleonore lived (1732-1800).

1773-79 (†) Regent H.H Shrimant Akhand Soubhagyavati Durga Bai Sahib Maharaj of Kolhapur (India)  

After the death Jiji Bai Sahib Maharaj, who had been regent for adopted son since 1760, she took over the regency until her own death in 1779. They were both widows of Shahu Sambahaji II. she (d. 1779).

1773-74 Joint Regent Princess Amina Kabafa’anu the Maldive Islands

1773 Sovereign Countess Louise-Marguerite de la Marck of Marck and Schleiden, Baroness of Lummen, Seraing-le-Château and Schaffenburg (Germany and France)

Succeeded her father, Louis Pierre de La Marck et de Schleiden (1701-50-73), Marquis de Vares and Baron, the son of Count Ludwig Peter von der Marck (1674-1700) and Marie Marguerite Francoise de Rohan-Chabot, who lived in France as an imperial Field Marshal. Louise-Marguerite married the Belgian Charles Marie Raymond de Ligne, Duc d'Arenberg et d'Aerschot (1721-78). Through her possession of Schleiden and of Saffenburg, her husband had two votes in the single collegiate vote of the chamber of the counts of Westphalia in addition to his vote in the Chamber of Princes in his capacity as Duke of Arenberg. Their oldest son, Louis Engelbert inherited the Duchies of Arenberg and Aerchot (Aarchot) and was created Duke von Meppen and Fürst von Recklinghausen in 1803. Their second son, Auguste (1753-1833) inherited the County de la Marck. Mother of a total of eight children, and lived (1730-1820).

1773-89 Joint Sovereign Countess Auguste Luise Friederike von Sachsen-Coburg of a portion of Limpurg-Gaildorf (Germany)

Daughter of Luise von Reuss zu Schleitz and her first husband Christian Wilhelm von Sachsen-Gotha; she was married to Friedrich-Karl von Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, and lived (1752-1805).

1773-80 Joint Sovereign Countess Luise von Sachsen-Coburg of a portion of Limpurg-Gaildorf (Germany)

Second daughter of Luise von Reuss zu Schleitz with her second husband, Johann August von Sachsen-Gotha, she married to Grand Duke Friedrich-Franz I von Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1756-1837), and lived (1756-1808). 

1773-92 Princess-Abbess Maria Juliana Kurz of Heggbach (Germany)

Elected Abbess in third round after the 7 other candidates had been defeated, and managed to manoeuvre through Joseph II of Austria's "anti-nun" reforms of 1782 because the Abbesses were highly politically influential because of the centuries of independence as an Imperial Immediacy (in posession of Reichsunmittelbarkeit) and uninterrupted membership of the College of the Prelates of the Realm, even though she was normally represented at the meetings of the Assemblies of the Realm, Circles and College, she would always be in close contact with her envoy. In July 1790 the Emperor wrote to her asking for a military contribution and she answered in August, and the territory was hard hit by the French wars. When Joseph died two years later, a "party of gratitude" was celebrated after the election of his successor. She lived (1726-92).

1774-77 Regent Queen Maria Ana Vittoria de Borbon of Portugal

Wife of King José I (1750-77), who showed no interest in affairs of state and was dominated by Sebastião José Carvalho e Mello, Duke of Pombal. In 1774 her husband was declared insane, and she was named regent, and began gradually to erode the power of the Duke of Pombal. Her husband was succeeded by their daughter, Maria I. Maria Ana Vittoria was daughter of king Felipe V of Spain and Isabel Farnesio, and lived (1718-81).

1774-92 Politically Influential Queen Marie-Antoinette von Habsburg-Lorraine of France

Very influential during the reign of her husband, Louis XVI (1774-92), and her very autocratic opinions and luxurious life-style was a contributing factor the to the French Revolution during which both her husband, son and herself was executed. She lived (1755-93).

1774-1801 Joint Sovereign Countess Karoline (I) zu  Waldeck-Pyrmont of a portion of Limpurg-Gaildorf (Germany)

Unmarried daughter and successor of Dorothea von Solms-Assenheim. Her brother Josias (1774-88) was succeeded by son, Karl who died in 1849, and first succeeded by son Richard (1835-49-63) and then by daughter Mathilde (1826-99), who was married to Carel von Aldenburg-Bentinck (1792-1864). At some point she shared the sovereignty with Karoline (II). Karoline (I) lived (1729-1801).

1774-89 Kpojito Chai of Abomey (Benin)

Reign mate of King Kpengla, she is not known to have been a priestess, but the aim of her office was to serve as compliment to the king and in some aspects as his double, not the least in the spiritual world.

1774-77, 1780-83 and 1786-89 Reigning Abbess-General María Teresa de Chaves y Valle of the Monastery of Santa Maria la Real de Las Huelgas in Burgos (Spain)

1774-75 Pretender to the Throne Princess Yelizaveta Alekseyevna Tarakanova in Russia

Appeared in various cities of Western Europe in the early 1770s and attracted several noble suitors. In 1774 she was convinced by émigré Polish rebels to pretend to the Russian throne and claimed that she was daughter of the unmarried empress Elizabeth (reigned 1741–62) and Count Aleksey Razumovsky and also that she was the sister of Y.I. Pugachov, who was then leading a rebellion in southeastern Russia. She was arrested by Catherine II's supporter, Aleksey Orlov, discovered Tarakanova in Livorno, seduced her, and lured her aboard his ship in the harbour, and sent to St. Petersburg, where she was imprisoned by Catherine in the Peter and Paul Fortress. She died there without revealing the secret of her past. Also known as Knyaginya Vladimirskaya (Princess of Vladimir), Fräulein Frank, or Madame Trémouille. She claimed to have been reared in St. Petersburg, but she was probably not Russian, and her origins and real name are unknown. She lived (ca. 1745-1775).

Around 1775-85 Queen Nankali of Uukwangali (Angola - Namibia)

During her reign friction developed with the neighboring communities and the Kwangali moved from Makuzu to Sihangu (near Mukukuta). Succeeded by Queen Simbara, during whose reign the Kwangali group moved down to Namibia.

1775-76 (†) Regent Dowager Countess Auguste von Waldburg-Zeil-Wurzach of Salm-Dyck (Germany)

After the death of her husband, Johann Franz Wilhelm (1714-67-75), she reigned the small territory south-east of Mönchengladbach in present Nordrhein-Westphalien during the minoruty of her son, Altgraf Joseph Franz Maria von Salm Reifferscheid zu Dyck (1773-75-1806-61), who lost his territory to France in 1806 but was created Fürst und Altgraf in 1816. She lived (1743-76).

1775-93 Regent Dowager Countess Maria Anna von Dalberg of Blieskastel (Germany)

Generally known as Marianne von der Leyden she took over as regent for son after the death of her husband, Reichsgraf Franz Karl von der Leyden und zu Hohengeroldseck. Her son came of age in 1791, but she continued to be in charge of the government. She supported the economic development and introduced social reforms, reformed the schools and in 1786 she abolished the serfdom. In 1793 she had to flee the French troops after having initially managed to keep a neutral position. She died in exile in Frankfurt am Main, and lived (1745-1804).

1775-1803 Princess-Abbess Maria Josepha Felicitas von Neuenstein-Hubacker of Obermünster in Regensburg (Germany)

The Freiin (Free Lady) von Neunstein was the last sovereign of the territory, an able ruler, she renovated the building of the chapter 1784-99 and the state experienced a period of economic growht. The territory was secularized in 1803 and became part of Bavaria/Bayern in 1805. She remained an inhabitant of the Chapter until her death, and she lived (1739-1822).

1775-81 Politically Influential Janab Aliya Muta'aliya Bahu Begum (Bahu Begum) of Oudh (or Avadh) (India)

After her father-in-law's death, she paid off the huge debts of her husband, Jalal-ud-din-Haider, (Shuja-ud-daula), to the East India Company, thereby ensuring his succession. After this he seems to have decided to entrust his finances to Bahu Begum. After his death in 1775 she secured the succession for her son, Mirza Amani (Asaf-ud-daula) against the advice of her mother-in-law, Nawab Begum. Her son continuously demanded money from her. In 1781 both the Begums were arrested by the British, two eunuchs, whose position at the court of Bahu Begum were unrivalled, were tortured until they handed over the treasure. Members of the royal zenana and khurd-Mahal were harassed, humiliated and made to suffer enormous privation. She remained illiterate all her life, but it never seemed to hamper her perspicacity or tenacity in dealing with the outside world. She always militated against the growing influence of the British. She was quick to see through the British plans of making Avadh a buffer state between themselves in Bengal and the strong Marathas. And yet when she saw there was no one worthy in her own family she made the British the trustees of her property after her death. During her lifetime there were few women and men who could rival her strength or match her dignity in northern India. At the peak of her glory it is said that she had at her command ten thousand troops, an excellent cavalry, innumerable horses and elephants. Her son died in 1798, and she outlived five rulers of Avadh and saw the installation of the sixth. Born as Amat-uz-Zehra in Persia and lived (Ca. 1747-1815).

1775 Politically Active Ex-Queen Caroline Mathilde of Great Britain of Denmark and Norway

In 1775 she was approached by a group of opponents of the rule of her step-mother-in-law, Queen Juliane Marie and her son, who wanted to depose her insane ex-husband, Christian 7. and make her Head of the Regency Government for her son. She had been exiled after her affair with the royal physician and minister Johann Friedrich Struensee, who was almost certainly father of her daughter, Louise Augusta (1771-1843). Struensee was executed in 1772, and she was divorced and deported to Celle in the Electorate of Hannover of her brother, Georg III, who was not supportive of her attempts to return to Denmark. The posthumously born daughter of Frederick, Prince of Wales by his wife, Augusta von Sachsen-Gotha, she died suddenly from throat cancer having lived (1751-75).

1776-1801 Regent N.N. of Salm-Dyck (Germany)

It is not clear who succeeded Auguste von Waldburg-Zeil-Wurzach as regent for Joseph Franz Maria, who was still a minor.

1776-1803 Princess-Abbess Justina von Erolzheim of Gutenzell (Germany)

Last sovereign ruler of the territory, which was secularized and first taken over by Joseph August von Toerring-Jettenbach and then incorporated into Württemberg. The last canoness died in 1859. Justina (d. 1809).

1776-97 Abbess Amalie Dorothea Elisabeth von der Bottlenberg gnt. Kessel of the Free Worldly Abbey of Elsey (Germany)

Until 1793 the territory did not have a vote in the Local Assembly, but that year she bought the Manor of Berchum and thereby the Chapter came in the possession of its vote in the Landtag (In German: Berchumer Landtagsstimme). The Abbess was Dame of a number of possessions in Hohenlimburg but never had any sovereignty or any other rights than a local noble landowner.

1777-1816 Queen Maria I of Portugal, 13th Duchess de Bragança, 7th Duchess de Barcelos, 12th Marquesa de Vila Viçosa, 1st Princess de Beira, 14th Countess de Arraiolos, 20th Countess de Barcelos, 14th Countess de Neiva and 17th Countess de Ourém
1808-1816 Queen of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves

Her full title was The Most High, Serene and Potent Lady Dona Maria I, by the grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves, and above and below the Seas of Africa, Lord of Guinea, of the Conquest, Navigation and Commerce of Ethiopia, Arabia, Persia, and the Indies, Most Faithful Queen. She was granted the title of Princess of Beira by her grandfather, King Dom João V at birth, and became Princess of Brazil in 1750. Her first act as queen was to dismiss the unpopular Prime Minister, the Marquis of Pombal, following the brutal treatment given to the Távoras in the Tavora affair. Noteworthy events of this period were Portugal's membership of the League of Armed Neutrality (July 1782) and the 1781 cession of Delagoa Bay from Austria to Portugal. In 1801 the Spanish dictator Manuel de Godoy invaded Portugal with backing from Napoleon, but was forced to abandon the campaign in the same year. However the Treaty of Badajoz on June 6 1801 forced Portugal to cede Olivenza and part of Guyana to Spain. She suffered from religious mania and melancholia. It made her incapable of handling state affairs after 1799 and so her son Prince John became regent. The refusal of his government to join the Continental Blockade of Britain culminated in the 1807 Franco-Spanish invasion led by Marshal Junot. The royal family fled to Brazil, and Junot was appointed governor of the kingdom pending Napoleon's decision on its ultimate fate. In 1808, the Duke of Wellington landed a British army in Lisbon and thus commenced the Peninsular War. When Napoleon was finally defeated in 1815, Maria and her family were still in Brazil. The aged Queen died at Rio de Janeiro in 1816 and the Prince Regent succeeded her as King John VI of Portugal and Brazil. She was married to her uncle, The Most High, Serene and Potent Lord Dom Pedro III, King of Portugal etc, their son; Infante Dom Jose (1761-88) was married to her sister, Infanta Dona Maria (1746-1829). Maria da Gloria was mother of 6 children, and lived  (1734-1816).

1777-1819 Rani Junumabe Adi Raja Bibi II of Cannanore (India)

On December 18, 1790 Minicoy was surrendered to the Court of Directors of the English East India Company by the Ali Raja of Cannanore, Junumabe Ali-Adi Raja Bibi II. The Ali Raja was allowed to administer Minicoy in return for a tribute to the East India Company. On 27 July 1795, the Governor General of the Presidency of Madras under whose jurisdiction Minicoy was, abolished Junumabe Ali Adi-Raja Bibi's coir monopoly. This was the beginning of the end of the Ali Raja's real control over Minicoy, but she continued to dispute the transfer of sovereignty but in 1824, her successor, Mariambe Ali-Adi Raja Bibi made a formal written recognition of the suzerainty of the East India Company. She and her successors, however, continued the tributary arrangement. 

1777-78 and 1779-85 Regent Dowager Sri Sri Sri Sri Sri Maharani Rajendra Rajya Lakshmi Devi of United Nepal

Rajendralaxmi's minor son Rana Bahadur Shah was placed on the throne after the death of her husband King Pratap Singh Shah. In the beginning she was co-ruler with Bahadur Shah, but he had her imprisoned. When she was released from her imprisonment, she exiled Bahadur Shah and began to rule as the sole regent. She and her military chiefs managed to defeat an uprising by local chiefs and kings in 1781, resulting in the annexation of both the Lamjung and Tanahun to the kingdom of Nepal in 1782. The king of Kaski, Siddhi Narayan Shah also surrendered before the Gorkha troops, and his widow also made an unsuccessful attempt to control over Kirat state in the east. Also known as Rajendra Laximi she (d. 1785).

1777-? High Chiefess Te-ha’a papa I Te-i’oa-tua Teri’i-tari’a of Huahine (French Polynesia)

First succeeded by son, Mahine Te hei 'ura Puru, and then by daughter, Teri'i tari'a Ari'i paea vahine who reigned until 1852. Huahine is located 175 km North-West of Tahiti within the Leeward Islands. In 1809, Protestant missionaries Davies and Bennet undertake a 1-year round the island tour during which they wrote a detailed journal.

1777-78 Queen Andrianghinarivo of Boina (Madagascar)

Daughter of King Andriamahatindrivo (ca. 1730-60), she succeeded her son Andrianikeniarivo, and was succeeded by Queen Tombola.

1777-1800 Joint Duchess Marie-Adélaïde de France of Louvois (France)

Held the duchy jointly with her sister. She was unmarried and lived (1732-1800).

1777-82 Joint Duchess Sophie-Philippine de France of Louvois (France)
 

The two unmarried daughters of king Louis XV held the duchy jointly. She lived (1734-82).

As Señora Abadesa de Las Huelgas, she had the privilege to confirm Abbesses of dependent Convents, to impose censures, and to convoke synods.

1777-... Sovereign Countess Karolina Franziska Dorothea von der Pfalz-Zweibrücken of Parkstein
1777-93 Joint Sovereign Lady of the Realm of Reipoltskirchen
1779-... Lady of Berzweiler, Seelen, Rudolphkirchen und Niederkirchen (Germany)

Also known Fürstin Karoline von Isenburg, she bought the Ellrodt'ian part of the lordship of Reipoltskirchen and reached an agreement with the co-owner, the Countess of Hillesheim, and the documents was approved by her father, Elector Karl Theodor von der Pfalz in 1777. In 1803 she was granted an eternal grant for her share in Reipoltskirchen and the other Lordship on the Left Side of the Rhine (Herrschaft Reipoltskirchen und anderen Herrschaften am linken Rheinufer), which had been seeded to France, and she was also compensated for her income from the shipping tax on the river. It is not clear when the county of Parkstein was incorporated into one of the other German states. She was married to Prince Friedrich-Wilhelm zu Isenburg-Birstein, and lived (1762-1816).

1777-80 Opposition Leader Bahu Begum of Bhopal (India)

Widow of Nawab Faiz, and disputed the succession of his brother, Hayat, to the throne. She began a revolt against the de facto ruler her stepmother-in-law, Mamola Bai, supported by members of another branch of the family. She began holding courts at her husband’s tomb and set up a parallel government in Islamnagar. For three years she regularly held Dunbars (Assemblies) as an act of defiance against Mamola Bai. 

1777-78 Regent The Asantehemaa Nana Akua Afriyie of Asante (Ghana)

It is not exactly known when she took office as Asantehemaa as successor of Nana Nketia Ntem Abamoo. She was mother of King Osei Kwadwo (Around 1764-77) and of three daughters. The oldest, Akyamaa was the mother of king Osei Kwame (Around 1777-98) and the 6^th Asantehemaa. The second daughter, Sewaa Okuwa was mother of the 5^th Asantehemaa. Akua Afriye was succeeded by the third daughter, Konadu Yaadom I as the 4^th Asantehemaa.

Ca.1778-1809 4^th Asantehemaa Nana Kwaadu Yiadom I of Asante (Ghana)

Succeeded mother, Akua Afriye as Queen Mother and was mother of four kings; Osei Kwame, Opoku Fofie, (1798-1801), Osei Bonsu (1801-24) and Osei Yaw Akoto (1824-33) and of two Asantehemaas, Nana Ama Serwaa and Yaa Dufie. She lived (1752-1809).

1778 Queen Tombola of Boina (Madagascar)

Ca. 1778-1808 Queen Ravahiny of Boina (Madagascar)

The kingdom in the northwestern coast of Madagascar was ruled by the Sakalava dynasty. It's capital was Mahajanga, formerly located at the crossroads to Africa, Arabia and Asia, this Malagasy, and was therefore also an important trade centre. In Madagascar males and females had equal rights of succession, and the Queen's husbands did not normally participate in the government.

1778-1803 Regent Dowager Rani Suimri Begum of Sandhana (India)
1803-36 Rani Regnant

Governed in the name of Musffard ad-Daula Zafar Nab Han (Aloyis Baltasaar Reinhard) - illegitimate son of her husband, Bum Raja (1773/76-78), who was born in Luxembourg as Walther Reinhard. After her stepson's death, she became Rani in her own right, and continued to perform her contracted military duties, leading her troops into battle in person. However she concentrated her efforts on developing the agriculture of Sardhana, which became famous as an island of green in a land of desolation, using her troops to keep out marauders and to enforce her policy, instead of plundering her neighbours as was the general practice at the time. She played a prominent part in the politics of the time, the fall of Mughals, the rise of the Mahrattas, and the establishment of the British. She emerged as a sovereign Princess of her own territories, which she had enlarged and improved, so that she accumulated vast wealth. Born as Johanna Noblis (d. 1836).

1778-1815 Rani Regnant Arnapura of Pal Lahara (India)

Succeeded by Raja Nanda Pal (1815-25). 

1778-1802 Princess-Abbess Auguste Dorothea zu Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel of Gandersheim  (Germany)

The last Sovereign of the Ecclesiastical Ruler of the Territory of the Realm. 1776 she had become Dechaness in Quedlinburg and shortly after she was also elected to the post in Gandersheim, but refused to take up the position. Two years later she accepted the post of Princess-Abbess in Gandersheim but continued to spend most of her time at the court of Braunschweig, later also Pröpstin in Quedlinburg. In 1802 she resigned her rights and the chapter accepted the sovreignty of Braunschweig, but remained it's Abbess until her death. After her death, King Jerome of Westphalen abolished and anexed the chapter. She was daughter of  Karl I von Braunschweig (1713-35-80) and Augusta of Great Britain, and lived (1749-1810).

1778 Rebellion Leader Baltazara Chuiza in Ecuador

Leader of a revolt against the Spanish. 

1779-1824 In charge of the government Dowager Duchess Anna Caroline von Nassau-Saarbrücken of Schleswig-Holstein-Glücksborg (Denmark and Germany)

After the death of her first husband, Friedrich Wilhelm, she remained in charge of the Duchy, also after her marriage to Duke Friedrich Karl Ferdinand of Braunschweig-Bevern (d. 1809) in 1782. One year after her death the title of Duke of Glücksborg was inherited by Duke Wilhelm zu Slesvig-Holsten-Sønderborg-Beck, whose son became king Christian 9 of Denmark in 1863. She was daughter of Wilhelm Heinrich von Nassau-Saarbrücken (1718-35-68) and Countess Sofie von Erbach, and lived (1751-1824).