Worldwide Guide to Women in Leadership
Heads of State of Lithuania/ Respublika os Lietuva/Lietvos Respublika (Female suffrage 1918/21) Independent 1918-40 and 11.3.90/6.9.91

Also see Lithuania Ministers and Lithuania Parliament

Ca. 1392-1418 Politically Influential Grand Duchess Anna of Lithuania
She was married to Duke Vytautas of Lithuania. In 1392 in Ostrowo she signed “The Agreement from Ostrowo”, promishing that her husband would be loyal for Poland, for Queen Jadwiga and her husband king Władysław. Anna died in 1418.


1454-1501 Politically Influential Queen and Grand Duchess Elzbieta Rakuszanka of Poland and Lithuania
Very influential during the reign of her husband, polish king and great duke of Lithuania, Kazimierz IV Jagiellończyk and their son, Jan I (1492-1501). She was a daughter of Emperor Albrecht II von Habsburg, king of Bohemia and Hungary and  Elisabeth of Bohemia-Hungaria (1437-48). Elzbieta Rakuszanka was very political influential during her husband's and son's reign, and lived (1436–1505).
  
1669-95 Sovereign Duchess Ludwika Karolina Radziwiłł of Biržai, Dubingiai, Slutsk and Kedainiai
Also known as or Ludwika Karolina Charlotte von Radziwill-Birze, she was a magnate of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth as the last agnatic-line member of the most prominent Calvinists of Lithuania, and a descendant of the Gediminids and Jagiellons. She spent most of her life in Berlin and Königsberg, but laid much attention to her lands in the grand duchy. Like her father, she funded the issue of books in the Lithuanian language, and supported education and Calvinist parishes. She established scholarships for Lithuanian students of theology in the universities of Königsberg, Frankfurt an der Oder, and Berlin. She was sued by King John III Sobieski for the alleged breach of the prenuptial agreement with his son, Jakub Ludwik Sobieski, with the intention to seize her estates. The case was lost, since it was proven that the agreement was falsified. She first married Margrave Louis of Brandenburg and after his death, Elector Palatine Charles III Philip von der Pfalz, with whom she had 3 daughters; Leopoldyna Eleonora, Maria Anna and Elizabeth Augusta Sophie, but only the latter's issue survived. She was daughter of Bogusław Radziwiłł/Boguslavas Radvila, Duke of Dubingiai, Governor of Prussia (1620-69) and Princess Anna Maria Radziwiłł/Ona Marija Radvilaitė, Heiress of Birzhai and Kedainiai (1640-67), and lived (1667-95).