Worldwide Guide to Women in Leadership
  EUROPEAN QUEENS 
AND EMPRESSES
from BCE 1200
Regents of kingdoms and female rulers of principalities, duchies, counties, baronies are not included


Before 512 Queen Hypsipyle of Lemnos (Greece)

Circa 480 Queen and Admiral Artemisia I of Caria-Harlikarnassos and Kos (Turkey)

Circa 353-50 Queen Artemisia II of Caria, Rodhos and Harlikarnassos (Turkey) Also Satrap of Asia Minor or Vice-Reine of the Persian King.

340-35 and 334-20 Queen Ada I of Caria (Turkey)
Co-ruler with her brother and husband Idrieus in succession to their sister, Artemissa II. After his death she ruled alone for three years until her younger brother, Pixadarus (341-335), deposed her.

Until early the 300's Queen Regnant Tirghetau of Circassia (Russia)

285-281 Ruler Arsinoe II Piladelphos of Herakleia, Pontica, Kassandria and Ephesos (Turkey)
281-279 Resided in Kassandreia
277-70 Co-Regent Queen of Egypt

Circa 215-175/76 Co-Reigning Queen Kamasayre Philoteknos of the Bosporanian Realm (Crimean)  (Georgia)

200's Queen Martia Proba of a Celtic Tribe (United Kingdom)

130 De Facto Ruler Queen Laodike of Cappadocia (Greece)

100s Queen Larthia Seianti of the City State of Caere in Etruria (Italy)

Around 100 Ruler Aba of  Olbe (Turkey)

Until BCE 13 and BCE 8-7/8 CE Reigning Queen Dynamis of the Bosporanian Realm  (Georgia)

BCE 10-5, 4-2 and BCE 6-12 CE Queen Regnant Erato of Greater Armenia

BCE 8-23 CE Queen Regnant Pythodorida of Pontus (Turkey)

Around year 1 Queen Medb of Connaught (Ireland)

7/8-23 Queen Pythodoris I Philometer of Pontus (Turkey)

Circa 40-60 Queen Regnant Cartimandra of The Brigants (Brigantia) (United Kingdom)

Around 60 Queen Regnant Phytodoris of Colchis (Georgia)  
 
60-61 Queen Regnant Boudicca of the Iceni-Tribe in Norfolk (United Kingdom)

130-? Reigning Dowager Queen Laodike II Nysa of Cappadocia (Turkey)

378 Queen Regnant Zarmandukht of Greater Armenia

400-04 De-facto Ruler Empress Eudoxia of The Byzantine Empire (Covering what is now Greece and Turkey)

414-55 De-facto Ruler Augusta Pulchera of The Byzantine Empire (Covering what is now Greece and Turkey)

518-65 Co-Ruler Empress Theodora of The Byzantine Empire (Covering what is now Greece and Turkey)

526-34 Regent Princess Amalasuentha of the Ostrotoths (Italy)
534-35 Joint Reigning Queen 

565-572 and 574-578 Co-ruler Empress Sophia of The Byzantine Empire (Covering what is now Greece and Turkey)
572-574 Sole Regent

590 Reigning Dowager Queen Theodolina of the Lombards (Italy)
615-25 Regent of the Kingdom

672-74 Queen Regnant Seaxburh of Wessex (United Kingdom)

780-90 Regent Dowager Empress Eirene of The Byzantine Empire (Covering what is now Greece and Turkey)
787 Presiding  over the 7th Ecomenical Synod (Council)
792 Joint Ruler of the Empire
797-802 Reigning Empress

Until 931 Co-Regent Margravine Ermengard di Lucca of Ivrea (Italy)

945-59 Co-ruler Empress Helena Lecapena of the Byzantine Empire (Covering what is now Greece and Turkey)

973-75 Joint Ruler Queen �lfthryth of England
978-84 Regent Dowager Queen

978-94 Queen Gurandukht of Abkhazia (Georgia)

1014-72 Queen Dearbforgail of Munster and Ireland


1028-41 and 1042-50 Joint Reigning Empress Zo� Porphyrogenita of The Byzantine Empire

1037-65 Co-Queen Regnant Sancha of Le�n (Spain)

1042 and 1050-55 Joint Empress Theodora Porphyrogenita of The Byzantine Empire
1055-56 Sole Empress

1042-66 Joint Ruler Queen Edith of Wesex of England (United Kingdom)
1066 De facto Regent

1109-29 Queen Regnant Urraca I Alfonsez of Castilla and L�on (Spain)

1117-18 Presiding over the Hearings of the Royal Court Mathilda of England of the Holy Roman Empire
1119 Stadtholder in Italy and Superme Commander of the Army and Presiding over Courts
1125 Holder of the Imperial Insignia of the Holy Roman Empire
1135-50 De-facto Sovereign Duchess of Normandie (France)
1141 Queen Regnant (Lady Domina) of England (United Kingdom) (02.02-01.11)

1137-63 Queen Regnant Petronilla I of Arag�n (Spain)
1163-69 Regent of Ar�gon and Barcelona

1178-84 Joint Ruler Queen Tamar of Georgia
1184-1213 The Most High Queen, by the will of our Lord, King and Queen of Queens of the Abkhazis, Kartvelians, Ranians, Kakhetians and the Armenians, Shirvanshah and Shahanshah and Master of all the East and West, Glory of the World and Faith, Champion of the Messiah

1191-94 Queen Regnant Berenguela of Navarra (Spain)

1194-98 Queen Regnant Constanza of Sicily (Italy)
1195-97 Regent of Sicily
1197-98 (28.98-17.05) Sole Ruer of Sicily

1214-15 Regent Princess Bergenguela of Castilla (Spain) 
1215-19 Queen Regnant of Asturias-Le�n and Castilla
1219 Regent
1230 Regent in Le�n


1274-1305 Queen Regnant Juana I of Navarra, Countess of Champagne and Brie (Spain and France)

1283-1308 Titular Empress Catherina I de Courtenay of Constantinople (Turkey), Dame of Courtenay (France)
Also Sovereign Princess of Achaia (Albaina) and Dame de Courtenay (France)

1284 Titular Queen Irene Palailologina de Monferrato of Thessalonica (Greece) 

1286-90 Queen Regnant Margaret of Scotland and The Orkney Islands (United Kingdom)

1290-92 Reigning in Dissidence Queen M�ria of Hungary

1303-17 De facto Reigning Empress Violante Aleramo of Thessalonica (Greece)
1305-06 Sovereign Margravine of Monferrato (Italy)

1375-1403 Titular Queen Isabel of Mallorca and Ibiza (Spain)

1376-87 Regent Dowager Queen Margrethe I Valdemarsdatter of Denmark and Norway
1387-1412 Reigning Queen (Master and Mistress) of Denmark, Sweden and Norway

1377-1402 Queen Regnant Maria of Sicilia (Sicily) (Italy)
1377-79 Duchess of Athens and Neopatria and Titular Queen of Jerusalem

1382-85 and 1386-95 Queen Regnant Maria of Hungary, Dalmatia, Croatia, Rama, Serbia, Galicia, Lodomeria and Cumania, Bulgaria (rex Hungari�)

1383-85 Queen Beatriz of Portugal
Claimed the throne of Portugal under the regency of her mother Queen Leonor Tellez,

1384-99 Queen Jadwiga of Poland and of the Lands of Crakow, Sandomierz, Sieradz, Leczyca, Kujawia, and Hereditary Lady of Pomerania (Hedvig Rex Poloni�)

1328-49 Queen Regnant Juana II Capet of Navarra and Pamplona (Spain)
Also Countess d'Angoul�me,

1340-41 Empress Regnant Eirene Palailologina of Trebizond (Turkey)

1341 and 1341-42 Empress Regnant Anna Anachutu of Trebizond (Turkey)  

1341-42 and 1343-82 Queen Regnant Giovanna I d'Angi� of Napoli and Sicilia and Sardegna, Sovereign Duchess of Pouilles and Calabre, Princess of Capua,  Sovereign Countess of Province, Forcalquier and Pi�mont (Italy and France)
1374-76 Princess of Achaia and Baroness of Vostitsa (Greece) and Titular Queen of Jerusalem

Around 1400-42 Titular Queen Yolande de Arag�n of  Sicily, Napoli, Jerusalem, and Arag�n (Italy)
1417 Regent Dowager Duchess of Anjou and Province (France)
1424-27 Presiding over the Estates General of Anjou and Province

1409-15 Vice-Reine Blanca de Navarra of Sicilia (Italy)
1425-41 Queen Regnant Blanca I Navarra, Countess de Nemours and Everux  (Spain and France)

1414-35 Queen Regnant Giovanna II d'Angi� of Napoli  (Italy) and Titular Queen of Jerusalem Cyprus and Armenia, Sicily, Hungary, Dalmatia, Croatia, Ramia, Serbia, Galicia, Lodomeria, Cumania and Bulgaria

1437-40 Queen Elisabeth von Luxemburg of Bohemia and of Croatia-Dalmatia, Soverign Duchess of Luxembourg
1439-1440 De-facto Regent of Hungary (27.10-29.07)

1458-64 Queen Regnant Charlotte of Cyprus and Titular Queen of Jerusalem and Armenia

1461-64 Titular Queen Blanca II of Navarra (Spain)

1473-74 Regent Dowager Queen Catherine Cornaro of Cyprus
1474-89 Queen Regnant of Cyprus and Titular Queen of Jerusalem and Armenia
1489-1510 Sovereign Countess of Alonso (Italy)

1474-1504 Queen Isabel I de Trastamara of Castilla and Le�n (Spain)

1479-80 Queen Leonor Trastmara of Navarra (Spain)

1483-1512 and 1512-17 Queen Regnant Catalina de Grailly of Navarra, Co-Princess of Andorra, Duchesse de Gandie, Montbauc, Pegnafiel, Countess de Foix, Bigorre, Ribagorza and  Viscomtesse de B�arn (Spain)

1504-55 Queen Juana la Loca of Castilla, Des Asturias and Galicia
1516-55 Queen of Arag�n  (Spain)

1552-67 HM Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots
1558-87 Titular Duchess of Touraine (France)

1553  Jane, Queen of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, Supreme Head on Earth of the Church of England and Ireland

1553-58 HM Mary I Tudor, Queen of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith 
1553-54 Supreme Head on Earth of the Church of England and Ireland Mary was the daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon.

1555-1572 Queen Regnant Juana III d�Albert of Navarra and Co-Princess of Andorra, Duchess d'Albert, Comtesse de Foix (etc.) and P�rigod, Viscomtesse de Limoges, Comtesse de Rodez, d'Armagnac, Perche, Fezensac, de L'Isle-Jourdain, Porho�t, Pardiac, Viscomtesse de Lomagne, Fezenzaguet, Brulhois, Cressey, d'Auvillars, Baroness de Castelnau, Caussade, Montmiral and Dame de La Fl�che and Baug� (France and Spain)

1558-1603 Elizabeth I Tudor, Queen of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, Supreme, Head on Earth of the Church of England and Ireland

1575-86 Rex Poloniae Anna Jagiellonka of Poland

1632-1654 Queen Kristina of Sweden

1682-86 Tzarevna Regnant Sofiya Aleksyevna Romanova of Russia
1686-89 Autocrat

1689-94 HM Mary II Stuart, Queen of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, Supreme Head on Earth of the Church of England and Ireland

1702-1714 H.M. Anne Stuart, Queen of Great Britain, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, Supreme Head on Earth of the Church of England and Ireland
1708 Lord High Admiral of England

1711-37 Sovereign Duchess Anna Ivanovna in Livonia of Kurland  and Semigallia (Latvia)
1730-40 Imperatitsa Regnant of Russia

1714-41 Member of the Council of State Princess Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden
1714 Regent
1718-20 Queen Regnant
1731 and 1738 Regent

1725-27 Imperatitsa Regnant Catherina I of Russia

1731 Sovereign Princess Louise-Hippolyte Grimaldi of Monaco , Duchesse de Valentinois, d'Estouteville, de Mazarin et de Mayenne, Princesse de Ch�teau-Porcien, Marquise des Baux, de Chilly et de Guiscard, Comtesse de Carlades, de Ferrette, de Belfort, de Thann, de Rosemont, de Thorigny et de Longjumeau, Baronne de Buis, de Saint-L�, de la Luthumi�re et de Hambye,  d'Altkirch et de Massy, Dame de Saint-R�my,de Matignon, d'Isenheim

1697-1731.1740-80 Empress Maria Theresia, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia, Archduchess of Austria, Duchess Moravia and Schlesia, Queen of Croatia and Dalmatia, Princess of Transylvania and Grand Duchess of Siebenb�rgen, Duchess of Gelders, Limburg, J�lich, Luxembourg, Brabant, Quilon, Bar and Franche-Comt�, Margravine of Higher-Elsass, Breisgau, Lower-Elsass and Antwerpen, Countess of Flanders, Hainault, d'Artois, Boulonge,  Namur, Ponthieu, Picardie, d'Eu, Vermand�is, Charolais, Macon, Montbeliard, Zutphen, Nevers and Rethel  and Baroness d'Il�s, Bar-sur-Seine etcShe was ruler of most of Central Europe, large parts of the Balkans and Belgium and Luxembourg.

1741-62 Imperatitsa Regnant Elisabeth Petrovna of Russia, Empress and Autocrat of All the Russias, Tsarisa of Moscow, Kiev, Wladimir, Novgorod, Kazan, Astrakhan, Poland, Siberia, the Chersonnese Taurics, and Georgia, Lady of Pskov, Grand Duchess of Smolensk, Lithuania, Volhynia, Podolia and Finland, Princess of Estonia, Livonia, Courland and Semigallia, Samogitia, Bielostock, Carelia, Tver, Yongoria, Perm, Vlatks, Bolgaria, and of other lands, Lady and Grand Duchess of Lower Novgorod, Tchernigov, Riasan, Polotsk, Rostov, Yaroslav, Belosero, Oudoria, Obdoria, Condia, Vitebsk, Mstislav, and all the Northern Region, Lady and Sovereign of the lands of Iveria, Cartalinia, Kabardinia and the Provinces of Armenia, Lady of the Circassian and Mountain princes, Lady of Turkestan, Supreme Defender and Guardian of the Dogmas of the (Russian Orthodox) Church.

1762-96 Imperatitsa Catharina II the Great of Russia, Empress and Autocrat of All the Russias, Tsarisa of Moscow, Kiev, Wladimir, Novgorod, Kazan, Astrakhan, Poland, Siberia, the Chersonnese Taurics, and Georgia, Lady of Pskov, Grand Duchess of Smolensk, Lithuania, Volhynia, Podolia and Finland, Princess of Estonia, Livonia, Courland and Semigallia, Samogitia, Bielostock, Carelia, Tver, Yongoria, Perm, Vlatks, Bolgaria, and of other lands, Lady and Grand Duchess of Lower Novgorod, Tchernigov, Riasan, Polotsk, Rostov, Yaroslav, Belosero, Oudoria, Obdoria, Condia, Vitebsk, Mstislav, and all the Northern Region, Lady and Sovereign of the lands of Iveria, Cartalinia, Kabardinia and the Provinces of Armenia, Lady of the Circassian and Mountain princes, Lady of Turkestan, Supreme Defender and Guardian of the Dogmas of the (Russian Orthodox) Church
1762-81 Queen of Sibiria (Sibirskoye Tsartvo)
1793-96 Princess of Jever (Germany)


1777-1816 Queen Maria I of Portugal
1808-1816 Queen of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the AlgarvesHer full title was The Most High, Serene and Potent Lady Dona Maria I, by the grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves, and above and below the Seas of Africa, Lord of Guinea, of the Conquest, Navigation and Commerce of Ethiopia, Arabia, Persia, and the Indies, Most Faithful Queen


1819-29 Queen Sofia of Guria (Georgia)

1826-28 and 1832-53 Queen Maria II da Gloria of Portugal and the Algarves

1833-68 Her Catholic Majesty Isabel II, by the Grace of God, Queen of Spain and the IndiesHer other titles were Queen of Castile, Leon, Aragon, the Two Sicilies, of Jerusalem, Navarra, Granada, Toledo, Valencia, Galicia, Mallorca, Menorca, Sevilla, Carde�a, C�rdoba, C�cega, Murcia, Ja�n, the Algarve, Algerias, Gibraltar, the Canary Islands, the East and West Indies, , and the Oceanic Colonies, Archduchess of Austria, Duchess of Burgundy, Brabant and Milano, Countess of Habsburg, Flanders, Tirol and Barcelona, Lady of Vizcaya and Molina

1837-1901 H.M. Victoria, By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Queen, Defender of the Faith and Supreme Head on Earth of the Church of England and Ireland (20.6.1837 - 22.01.1901)
1876-1901 Empress of India (28.04.1876-22.01.1901)

1890-1948  H.M.  Wilhelmina, By the Grace of God Queen of the Netherlands, Princess of Oranje-Nassau etc, etc, etc. Netherlands at the time included Oostindia (Indonesia), Dutch Guyana (Suriname) and The Nederlanse Antillen.

1912-19 H.G.H. Marie-Ad�lhe�de, By the Grace of God Grande Duchess of Luxembourg, Duchess of Nassau, Countess-Palatine and Electress of the Rhine, Countess of Sayn, Hadenburg, Königstein, Krazenborgen and Dietz, Burgravine of Hammerstein, Dame of Mahlberg, Wiesbaden, Idstein, Merenberg, Limburg and Eppstein

1919-64 HRH. Charlotte, By the Grace of God Grande Duchesse of Luxembourg, Duchess of Nassau, Countess-Palatine and Electress of the Rhine, Countess of Sayn, Hadenburg, Königstein, Krazenborgen and Dietz, Burgravine of Hammerstein, Dame of Mahlberg, Wiesbaden, Idstein, Merenberg, Limburg and Eppstein.
1940-44 Leader of the Government-in-Exile from Montreal


1948-80 HM Juliana By the Grace of God Queen of the Netherlands

1952- H.M. Elizabeth II of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Defender of the Faith, Head of the Commonwealth Until 1953 her title was Queen of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Overseas Dominions. She is head if state in 15 countries apart from Great Britain and as Head of the Commonwealth

1972- H.M. Margrethe the Second, by the Grace of God, Denmark's Queen Supreme Commander of the Defence Forces and Head of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church. T

1980-2013 H.M. Beatrix Wilhelmina Armgard, By the Grace of God, Queen of the Netherlands, Princess van Oranje-Nassau, Princess van Lippe-Biesterfeld etc, etc, etc.
 

Last update 02.02.13